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in category Umayyads

Are the Umayyads the cursed tree mentioned in the Qur'an?

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The famous report from ibn Abbas, in Sahih al-Bukhari (3675), narrates him saying the cursed tree in the Qur'an is the Tree of Zaqqum.

Coming to those who consider it relating to Banu Umayyah, Imam Shawkani in "Fath al-Qadeer" (3/342) says:

"And ibn Mardaweyh narrated from A'isha to al-Marwan ibn al-Hakam: "I heard prophet (sallalahu alaihi wa ala alihi wa sallam) said to your father and grandfather, that they are "cursed tree" in the Qur'an". (Then Shawkani said) And in this (text) is rejection (nakarat), in her words "he said to your father and grandfather" and problem is (fact) that grandfather of Marwan didn't seen time of prophecy".

This hadith along with its chain appear in another book, that of imam Badrutdin al-Ayni, in his commentary "Umdatul Qare" (under the explanation of hadith 6174) quoted it with chain: Narrated ibn Mardaweyh from Abdurrazaq from his father from Miyana mawla of Abdurrahman ibn Ouf, that A'isha, may Allah be pleased with her, said to al-Marwan.

This chain is extremely weak. The first problem is Abdurrazaq. He was an imam without any doubt, muhadith. Nasai said:

"There is question in those who wrote from him (ahadeth) in the end (of his life); (they) narrated from him rejected ahadeth".

Ibn Adi said:

"(He) narrated ahadeth in fadhail, in which no one agreed with him and rejected (ahadeth) about faults of others, he was ascribed to at-tashayu".

The one thing in him, which we can say for sure, he was upright narrator, who got confused in the end of his life. (see his lengthy bio in "Mizanul itidal" 2/609/5044). As for father of Abdurrazaq, Hamam ibn Nafe, ibn Maeen said he's thiqat. Al-Aqili (or al-Uqayli) noticed his ahadeth weren't mahfooz ("Mizanul itidal" 4/308/9252).

However the main problem with this chain is Miyana. Abu Hatim accused him of lying. Ibn Maeen, Nasai said: "He's not thiqat". Daraqutni said: "Abandoned" ("Mizanul itidal" 4/237/8981).

So this fabricated report can be rejected.


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