The study of Umayyad history (661-750 CE/41-132 AH) is an important subject of Islamic history and overall human history. A number of awesome military achievements led the Umayyads to reach westward to Spain and eastward to Indonesia in less than forty years after they came to power.
The problem of finding primary sources written about the subject is difficult. The Arabic sources dealing with the Umayyads are secondary material written by scholars hostile to the dynasty and living under the Abbasid regime, which in itself carried out a revolution that toppled the Umayyads.
Given the nature of these historical sources, one must raise the question of whether a reliable understanding of the period will ever be possible.
"The Umayyads" by Abdulhadi Alajmi is a careful attempt at understanding Umayyad history.
For those lacking previous knowledge of the subject these works very valuable:
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