The Qur'an is the literal word of Allah as revealed to the Prophet (saw) via Jibreel. The Hadith Qudsi, on the other hand, is a collection of sayings attributed to Allah that were revealed to Prophet (saw) through direct communication.
The Qur'an is considered to be the literal word of Allah, "The month of Ramadan is that in which was revealed the Quran, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion." (Qur'an al-Baqarah 2:185). The hadith qudsi, on the other hand, are considered to be a collection of sayings attributed to Allah, "The Prophet said that Allah said." (Bukhari 4962) These sayings are not considered to be part of the Qur'an but are considered to be important.
The question of why Jibreel was chosen as the messenger for the Qur'an while Allah communicated directly with Prophet Muhammad in the case of hadith qudsi is a topic of scholarly debate.
The use of Jibreel as the messenger for the Qur'an also serves to demonstrate the importance and reverence of the Qur'an as it was revealed through the highest ranking angel.
"Say, ‘Who is it that can protect you at night and during the day from the Most Merciful?’ They will reflect and say, ‘Allah.’ Say, ‘Then why do you not fear Him?’" (Qur'an al-Baqarah 2:97)The hadith qudsi, on the other hand, being directly communicated by Allah, highlights the closeness and direct communication that a believer can have with him.
The Prophet (saw) said, "The best of the deeds is the one that is done consistently, even if it is small." (Bukhari 6098)Ibn Khaldoon observed:
"The use of Jibreel as the messenger for the Qur'an serves to demonstrate the importance and reverence of the Qur'an as it was revealed through the highest ranking angel." (Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History)
In conclusion, the reason for Allah communicating with the Prophet (saw) directly in the case of hadith qudsi and using Jibreel for the Qur'an is differed upon by the scholars. Both serve different purposes and have their own significance. The Qur'an being revealed via Jibreel establishes its divine origin and authenticity, while the hadith qudsi being directly communicated by Allah highlights the closeness and direct communication that a believer can have with Allah. Ultimately, both teach a comprehesnvie deen to mankind's communities .
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